• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Integrated double utility equipment for the collection and treatment of fruits on trees. Versatile and integrated equipment for the collection and treatment of fruits on trees, in order to collect the fruit in season and to treat the tree fruits with phytosanitary products, comprising a mobile structure, intended to house fruit trees (1) in its interior, said mobile structure comprising a group for taking the knocked-down fruits, said mobile structure being supported on one or two traction vehicles, said vehicle comprising, or each of said vehicles: a) at least one projection device and orientation of air streams, b) at least one infrared camera, c) at least one conveyor belt, d) at least one cargo container, e) at least one conveyor belt connecting the conveyor belt to a cargo trailer, f) a traction system that drives g) traction chains. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2718554A1
    申请号:ES201731502
    申请日:2017-12-29
    公开日:2019-07-02
    发明作者:Sacanell Jordi Canela；Sacanell Antonio-Maria Canela
    申请人:Cosechadoras Rolif S L；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] Integrated dual utility equipment for the collection and treatment of fruits on trees.
    [0003]
    [0004] The present invention relates to an integrated dual utility equipment for the collection and treatment of fruits on trees.
    [0005]
    [0006] The mention of double utility in the statement responds to the possibility of the equipment that will be described to adapt to a double function: the treatment of trees and fruits during their growth and maturation, and the collection (demolition) of the fruits of the trees in the Timely moment of maturation.
    [0007]
    [0008] The integrated mention corresponds to the configuration of the new equipment, which gathers in its structure all the elements necessary for the functions to which it is intended.
    [0009]
    [0010] Equipment designed to carry out various treatments on fruit trees and for the collection of their fruits are known.
    [0011]
    [0012] Among the proposals for particular collection facilities and equipment for those purposes, it is worth mentioning the Spanish Utility Models numbers ES200002889U and ES200002278U, both in the name of Tenias, S.A. and comprising fixed inclined panels and a vibrator for the demolition of the fruits. Another example of equipment is found in European Patent Application Publication Document EP1597960A1, which includes devices for treating or demolishing fruits by air currents.
    [0013]
    [0014] To date, existing equipment, equipped with vibrators for the demolition of fruits, have drawbacks arising from their poor adaptation to rational harvesting in the fruit ripening state. In addition, the slow work causes the early fall of ripe fruits, in addition to leading to loss of yield due to the immature (green) fruit.
    [0015]
    [0016] It is also worth mentioning the abuse to which the fruits are subjected in their demolition, fall and collection in nets or mantles, as damage to the skin of the young trunks and also to the vegetation due to breakage of young production stalks of the next harvest by the cited "vareo" on trees and vegetation in general.
    [0017] The known equipment that is provided with means of projection of air currents wastes energy when blowing with random current directions and without distinction in the maturity of the fruit pieces.
    [0018]
    [0019] There are also drawbacks related to the slowness of vehicles used of known type and their inability to drive on the road. In addition, they show little flexibility in loading the downed fruits in containers, since the cargo vehicles must remain adjacent to the equipment.
    [0020]
    [0021] On the other hand, tree branches that are in adjacent rows can invade the vehicle space causing discomfort and broken branches.
    [0022]
    [0023] In the case of trees located on the boundaries of a terrain, it is often impossible to bring down their fruits due to the proximity of obstacles such as fences or steep slopes, among others, that do not allow the traction vehicle to travel sufficiently to Reach the whole tree.
    [0024]
    [0025] The present document discloses a dual-use and integrated equipment that aims to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.
    [0026]
    [0027] In particular, this document discloses a dual-use and integrated equipment for the collection and treatment of fruits in trees, in order to collect the fruits in seasoning and to treat the fruits in the tree with phytosanitary products, characterized by comprising a mobile structure, intended to house fruit trees in its interior, said mobile structure comprising a group for taking the demolished fruits, said mobile structure being supported on two traction vehicles, each of said vehicles comprising:
    [0028]
    [0029] a) at least one projection device and orientation of air currents,
    [0030] b) at least one infrared camera,
    [0031] c) at least one collecting tape,
    [0032] d) at least one cargo container,
    [0033] e) at least one conveyor belt that connects the collecting belt with the cargo container,
    [0034] f) a traction system that drives
    [0035] g) traction chains
    [0036] Optionally, said mobile structure comprises a cover and side screens that are intended to prevent the outflow of fruits outside the collection area and, in turn, also prevent the exit of phytosanitary products from the collection area when they are being applied to the tree. The screens can be both mechanical, consisting of gates, and pneumatic, consisting of drafts.
    [0037]
    [0038] Optionally, said projection devices and orientation of air currents comprise means for controlling the direction of the currents according to the information provided by infrared cameras. In this way the currents are focused only towards the fruits that are really interested in demolishing, resulting in energy savings.
    [0039]
    [0040] Preferably, said projection devices and orientation of air currents are arranged on guides that allow the movement of said devices on said guides at an independent and adjustable gear relative to the platform that supports it.
    [0041]
    [0042] In an embodiment according to the present invention, said conveyor belt comprises a vertical belt and a horizontal belt in height with a length of the order of the distance between rows of trees.
    [0043]
    [0044] Optionally, said traction vehicles comprise cargo containers connected to said collecting belt by means of a conveyor belt, at least one protective telescopic screen, and wheels with tires capable of supporting the vehicle.
    [0045]
    [0046] In an exemplary embodiment according to the present invention, said mechanical screens are connected with sensors for automatic positioning.
    [0047]
    [0048] Preferably, said wheels with tires are attached to an articulated support that allows its descent to contact the ground, and even the lifting of the entire vehicle for transport, the equipment being able to operate in its functions on the field in phytosanitary treatments or in collection, exceeding the maximum possible gear of the chains themselves.
    [0049]
    [0050] In an embodiment according to the present invention, said traction vehicles comprise a movable chassis with respect to the chains, wheels, or wheels and drive chains, and they are provided with self-guided and control means to remain side by side automatically during the operation, said caterpillar tractor chains.
    [0051]
    [0052] Optionally, said covers are foldable and form the upper parts of said mobile structure, said covers being supported by telescopic elements that allow adapting the height of the covers and their folding for transport.
    [0053]
    [0054] Optionally, said traction vehicles are carriers of controlled pressure air current generators for the demolition and subsequent displacement of the downed fruits and the operation of the different pneumatic devices, of a regulating dosing tank of the phytosanitary product in powdery state. dry or wet, injecting liquid at the exit of the air and of a generator set for the power supply of the devices and electric motors and lighting installation for night work of the equipment.
    [0055]
    [0056] Preferably, the tapping group comprises:
    [0057]
    [0058] a) extendable collection trays, formed by telescopic and overlapping flat elements, inclined at varying angles, operated by cylinders and coupled to traction vehicles by means of articulation mechanisms;
    [0059] b) plates associated with a support of the intake group formed by the collecting and attachable trays until adjusted to the feet of the trees, said support being provided with projections of projections of air currents to propel the fallen fruits towards said collecting belts of traction vehicles.
    [0060]
    [0061] Optionally, the elements of the tapping group are mobile from a functional position of application of the assembly, with the desired inclination, to the trees to a non-functional folding position, of almost vertical orientation, to allow the movement of the equipment.
    [0062]
    [0063] In an embodiment according to the present invention, the devices -12- sustainers of the collection groups are, at the same time, thrust blowers of the downed fruits towards the collection devices -13-.
    [0064]
    [0065] The dual utility and integrated equipment object of this patent comprises a set of functional devices that define a mobile structure, intended to move in continuous and on all types of land along a row of fruit trees, being additionally a carrier of means for the application by fogging of certain phytosanitary products to trees and / or shrubs and their fruits, and to extensive low crops, of means for the demolition of the fruits, of means for the collection of the demolished fruits, and of means for the conduction and transport of the fruits to some cargo containers inside or outside said installation.
    [0066]
    [0067] The new equipment essentially defines a structure of shape and adjustable dimensions, appropriate to those of the various trees and / or fruit shrubs, whose configuration and size is adapted thanks to the versatility of the structure, prior to the start of the functional operations carried out by and in the devices involved, with regulation of all of them during operation.
    [0068]
    [0069] The equipment in question can be used on land of all kinds, on regular tree and / or shrub plantations of all ages and sizes (from the first fruit) and optionally from tree to tree on defective and uneven plantations and land. There is no contact of the mechanisms with the pieces of fruit or vegetation, except for some mobile adjustment plates with the feet of the plants, even with those of 2 or more feet or trunks, such as olive groves.
    [0070]
    [0071] The treated and harvested fruits can be dry type (almond, hazelnut, etc.) and fresh type (citrus, oily, etc.), mainly of industrial production.
    [0072]
    [0073] The environment is absolutely respected with the use of the new equipment, since the phytosanitary products used, where appropriate, for spraying the fruits are kept inside the enclosure defined by the installation. In addition, the use of treatment products is rationalized, which is consumed in the strictly necessary quantities, and the remaining quantities are recovered, by recycling, with great savings in the costs of treatment in product and time.
    [0074]
    [0075] In order to avoid the fall of the fruits demolished to the ground in the surroundings of the trunk or trunks, the group of taking includes some plates with which the tree comes in contact. These are articulated plates so that they can rotate on a vertical axis, perpendicular to the ground, and that comprise springs that hold them in position. When the tree passes the plates rotate by contact with the trunk to cover the maximum area around the trunk.
    [0076] The demolition is carried out by successive passes and preferably by blowing by means of air currents at the appropriate speed and flow rate, adjustable as appropriate, produced by devices indicated for simultaneous demolition while obtaining a natural classification of the fruits already optimal in maturation due to the loss of resistance of the peduncle in its natural cycle of growth and maturity. The maturity of the pieces to be demolished is verified by the liquid content of the fruit, which is determined prior to demolition by means of infrared cameras as a control of the collection. Said cameras are located on the edges of the roofs and on the telescopic supports of the roofs, that is, in the entrance area to the mobile enclosure.
    [0077]
    [0078] The generating devices and projectors of air currents comprise movable inner and outer fins, respectively, with reciprocating movement between them, for the orientation of the air in two directions perpendicular to each other, horizontal and vertical, forming a whirlwind. These devices are mounted on a tower of variable height.
    [0079]
    [0080] Infrared cameras detect the position of the fruits and their degree of maturity. This allows air currents to be directed only to areas where there are sufficiently ripe fruits (in seasoning). This feature saves energy since currents are used only if they are really necessary and effective, instead of performing a continuous random blow that increases consumption and does not distinguish the maturity of the pieces.
    [0081]
    [0082] It is also carried out pneumatically (by air) the thrust of the fruits towards the collector belt of the intake group. All this, without contact of any mechanical element with the trees, so that they do not suffer damage, nor the fruits that are not yet in season.
    [0083]
    [0084] The collection group receives the fruits demolished by means of trays adaptable to the drip area (fall) and to the foot or feet of the trees, which can be of any minimum height of 20-25 cm and up to 5-6 meters or more. Movable plates are used sized for trees of 1, 2 or more feet or trunks, which allow the passage of said trunks through them.
    [0085] The equipment described comprises a system for carrying out the functions of fruit demolition and phytosanitary treatment of trees, mainly based on mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, electrical and / or electronic devices, with elements and contacts interconnected with each other to the drive and / or regulation of said devices on the fly.
    [0086]
    [0087] The assembly is mounted on one or two chassis or self-propelled vehicles, or dragged, with wheels and chains and with leveling and securing means according to the inclinations of the terrain. Said self-propelled vehicle or vehicles comprise an engine to provide traction to the assembly and allow its displacement. Thanks to the intervention of the wheels the vehicle or vehicles can gain speed during their operation and also drive on the road.
    [0088]
    [0089] The chassis platform can be moved with respect to the wheels and chains to reach trees located in areas of difficult access for said wheels and chains. This feature facilitates access to trees located on the boundaries of the land.
    [0090]
    [0091] One or two of such chassis will be used, one on each side of the row of trees, operating in parallel on either side, with their telescopes and telescopic supports assembled and adjustable in width and height by pneumatic and hydraulic cylinders. Said chassis are also equipped with self-guiding means and centered from one side to the other, so that both center their position with each other automatically. In this way the set of the two vehicles can be driven by a single operator.
    [0092]
    [0093] To facilitate the explanation, the present description of some drawings in which, by way of illustrative and non-limiting example, some cases of realizations of a double-use and integrated equipment for the collection and treatment of fruits in trees have been represented are attached .
    [0094]
    [0095] Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a general structure of a dual utility and integrated equipment according to the present invention, running parallel to a row of fruit trees during the harvesting, demolition or treatment phase.
    [0096]
    [0097] Figure 2 represents a perspective detail of the passage of the tree through the plates of the taking group of an embodiment of a device according to the present invention.
    [0098] Figure 3 shows a perspective view from the upper area of a half of an embodiment of a dual utility and integrated equipment according to the present invention.
    [0099]
    [0100] Figure 4 shows a perspective view of one half of an embodiment of a dual utility and integrated equipment according to the present invention, seen from the part of the conveyor belts.
    [0101]
    [0102] Figure 5 shows a perspective view of one half of an embodiment of a dual utility and integrated equipment according to the present invention, indicating the movement of the telescopic screens.
    [0103]
    [0104] Figure 6 shows a perspective view of one half of an embodiment of a dual utility and integrated equipment according to the present invention, indicating the movement of the cargo containers.
    [0105]
    [0106] Figure 7 is a side view of an embodiment of a dual utility and integrated equipment according to the present invention at the time when the traction is performed only by wheels.
    [0107]
    [0108] Figure 8 represents a perspective view of another embodiment in which an area of a traction vehicle according to the present invention is shown where the conveyor belt is observed in the operating position.
    [0109]
    [0110] Figure 9 represents a perspective view similar to that of Figure 8, but in which the conveyor belt is observed when it is not being used.
    [0111]
    [0112] Figure 10 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a dual utility and integrated equipment according to the present invention incorporating a gate system.
    [0113]
    [0114] Figure 11 shows a front view of the embodiment of a dual utility and integrated equipment of Figure 10.
    [0115]
    [0116] Figure 12 shows a plan view of the realization of a dual utility and integrated equipment of Figure 10.
    [0117] Figure 13 shows a rear view of the embodiment of a dual utility and integrated equipment of Figure 10.
    [0118]
    [0119] Figure 14 shows a perspective view of an area of the realization of a dual utility and integrated equipment of Figure 10.
    [0120]
    [0121] Figure 15 shows a front view of an embodiment of a dual utility and integrated equipment according to the present invention consisting of a single extensible vehicle running parallel to a row of fruit trees during the harvesting, demolition or treatment phase.
    [0122]
    [0123] Figure 16 shows a perspective view of the embodiment of a dual utility and integrated equipment of Figure 15.
    [0124]
    [0125] Figure 17 shows a perspective view of the realization of a dual-use and integrated equipment of Figure 15 provided in this case with traction chains.
    [0126]
    [0127] Figure 18 shows a front view of the embodiment of a dual utility and integrated equipment of Figure 15 once it has been retracted.
    [0128]
    [0129] Figure 19 shows a side view of the embodiment of a dual utility and integrated equipment of Figure 15 once it has been retracted.
    [0130]
    [0131] Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the dual utility and integrated equipment according to the present invention, comprising a mobile structure intended to surround a fruit tree or bush -1- inside. Said structure is made up of covers -2-, -2’-, side screens (not shown in figure 1) and a socket group.
    [0132]
    [0133] In the upper part of the structure are the covers -2-, -2'-, on telescopic supports -21-, -21'- that allow adapting their height. Said covers -2-, -2'- are articulated together to said supports -21-, -21'- so it is possible to place them in a vertical position for transport, and in a horizontal position to come into contact with each other. another to cover the tree -1-.
    [0134]
    [0135] The demolished fruits fall on the collection group, which includes extendable collection trays -41-, -41'-, formed by telescopic and overlapping flat elements, that when they are extended they are arranged between the traction vehicle and some plates -42-that allow the trunks to pass through.
    [0136]
    [0137] The elements of the mobile structure are supported on two traction vehicles -5-, -5'-, in which the air projection devices -6-, -6'- are located, which are responsible for the demolition of the fruits. Said devices -6-, -6'- comprise means for the creation and orientation of jets of air, with the option of spraying a phytosanitary product in a liquid state or of dry or damp dust on the tree.
    [0138]
    [0139] Collecting belts -43-, -43'-, receive the parts that come from said collecting trays -41-, -41'- and lead them to other belts that will transport them to cargo containers or trailers following in the adjacent row .
    [0140]
    [0141] Figure 2 shows a detail of the movement of the mobile structure when acting on a tree -1-, where the arrows x, and indicate the direction of movement of the mobile structure. The movement of the plates -42- is observed as the tree -1 passes through them.
    [0142]
    [0143] As shown in Figure 3, a conveyor belt -7- receives the parts from the collecting belt -43- and transports them to a cargo container -8- located on the vehicle -5-. Beside said containers -8-, by the furthest part of the aforementioned structure, telescopic screens -9- protect the vehicle's platform against possible invasions, such as those of branches or tree branches.
    [0144]
    [0145] Said air projection devices -6- and -6'- move through longitudinal guides -61- at a marked adjustable and independent reciprocating speed relative to the platform that supports them.
    [0146]
    [0147] Figure 4 shows in detail the connection between said collector belt -43- and the conveyor belt -7- and the mouth of the latter in a cargo container -8-. The air currents -62- of the device -6- are also shown schematically in FIG. These currents -62- demolish the fruits of the trees according to their state of maturation, causing their fall on the collecting trays -41-. Said trays -41- are provided with a system that projects air currents -44- that push the fallen fruits towards the collecting belt -43-, which as an option may be rotary belts carrying the demolished fruits to the collecting tape.
    [0148] In one embodiment of the invention, the knocked down fruits are stored in cargo containers located on the traction vehicle. To empty said containers -8- the screens -9- are lowered to their lower position as shown in Figure 5.
    [0149]
    [0150] Figure 6 represents said containers -8-, which are articulated on a telescopic support -81- which allows its lifting and overturning to empty the load in a trailer or the like (not shown). As mentioned in the previous paragraph, at that time the telescopic screens -9- are lowered to allow unloading.
    [0151]
    [0152] The vehicles normally circulate on chains of the caterpillar tractor type during their operation, at which time the wheels are elevated. However, as shown in Figure 7, a system allows the wheels to be lowered -10- until they contact the ground with the possibility of raising the vehicle -5- so that the chains -11- are not in contact with the ground .
    [0153]
    [0154] In a second preferred embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 8, the conveyor belts transfer the fruits directly to bulk trailers that accompany the demolition equipment from the adjacent street and row, allowing also to fill the containers located on the trailer platform to take care of the quality of fruits by immersion in emulsions favorable to their quality.
    [0155]
    [0156] to cargo containers that are located outside the vehicle, allowing loading in containers that are, for example, in an adjacent tree line. In this case, the transport is carried out on a vertical belt -71- that lifts the pieces, and a horizontal belt that transports them to a cargo container. The horizontal belt is divided into a fixed part -72a- and a rotating part -72b- with respect to the axis -73'- and that on one end rests on a support -73- when the equipment is not operational, as shown in Figure 9
    [0157]
    [0158] Figure 10 shows the mechanical side screens -3-, -3'-, which are arranged at the entrance and exit of the mobile enclosure, articulated in the telescopic supports -21-, -21'-. Sensors -30- arranged at the edges of the screens -3-, -3'- detect the dimensions of the tree or shrub that passes through said enclosure and open and close automatically to allow the entry and exit of trees to said enclosure. Its objective is to keep the interior area of the structure as closed as possible to prevent the exit of fruit pieces or phytosanitary products outside said enclosure. Said gates -3-, -3'- are also telescopic, so that their height coincides with that of said supports -21, -21'-. Figure 11 shows with arrows the downward movement of the gates -3-, -3'- together with the supports -21-, -21'-.
    [0159]
    [0160] In figures 12 and 13 it can be seen that the gates are connected to the tapping group by means of a bellows -10- with sheets so that, when the gates -3-, -3'- the bellows -10- are open with sheets occupies the surface swept by the gates -3-, -3'- and prevents the downed pieces from falling to the ground. In said bellows -10- mouths of aspiration -50- actuated by a turbine -52- to absorb the parts that are there. These pieces travel to a tank -53- through suction tubes -51- and the collected pieces are discharged directly from said tank -53-.
    [0161]
    [0162] The location of the infrared cameras -60- is observed in better detail in Figure 13. In which it can be seen how they focus towards the interior of the mobile enclosure.
    [0163]
    [0164] Figure 14 shows in more detail the tank -53- and its lower opening -54- through which the aspirated fruits are discharged to the collecting tape -43-. The turbine -52-, which creates the suction air stream, can also be observed.
    [0165]
    [0166] An embodiment of a device according to the present invention as illustrated in Figure 15 comprises a single extensible vehicle that adapts to the dimensions of the field and of the tree -1- to perform its collection, demolition or treatment tasks. The vehicle comprises a structure -31-, which is provided with horizontal extension means, supported by vertical supports -22-, -22'- that allow the vertical displacement of the structure -31-. The equipment comprises a checkpoint -32- intended to be handled by an operator, behind which is a cover -3-. The checkpoint -32- is arranged in guides -33- that allow its vertical displacement.
    [0167]
    [0168] The equipment of a single vehicle of figure 16 comprises plates -42- that come into contact with the trunk of the tree. The demolished fruits fall on a collection trays -41-, -41'-, which in this case lead to circular collection tapes -43- that take the demolished fruit from the trays -41-, -41'- and raise it up to a cargo container -8-. A tube -82- unloads the fruits of said container -8- in, for example, a trailer that follows the vehicle. On each side of the vehicle are the air projection devices -6-, -6'-.
    [0169] The way to provide traction to the vehicle is by wheels -10-, -10'-, although, as shown in Figure 17, the vehicle can also be provided with traction chains -11-.
    [0170]
    [0171] The extensible vehicle can be retracted so that its dimensions are reduced as shown in Figure 18, where the structure -31- and the control post -32- are in their lowest position. The collecting trays -41-, -41'- fold up to allow the structure -31- to also retract in the horizontal direction.
    [0172]
    [0173] In figure 19 it can be seen how the collecting trays -43- form a closed circuit so that they play the role of both a collecting tray and a conveyor belt, unloading the fruits in a cargo container -8-. The structure -31- and the control post -32- are in their lowest position, covering a large part of the vertical supports -22-, -22'-, which slide inside the structure -31- when it is displaces
    [0174]
    [0175] Optionally, an ultrasonic wave generating device may be used for the demolition of fruit pieces.
    [0176]
    [0177] Both systems of demolition of the fruits can be applied to only one side of a tree or row of trees or to both sides, while the collection (collection) of the demolished fruits is always done on both sides.
    [0178]
    [0179] In phytosanitary treatments with nebulization in recycling in a semi-enclosed area, the maximum coverage of the entire volume of trees and fruits is guaranteed.
    [0180]
    [0181] The collecting trays may be replaced by rotating belts with parts of fluffy materials, also telescopic and used for shipping, by means of conveyor belts, finally to the cargo containers, of sensitive and delicate or flattened fruits (such as almonds), for the demolition of fruits in very low trees of trunk-foot or in sloping terrain, while the fruits of rounded form (olives and similar) can slide by rolling by inclined planes or ramps.
    [0182]
    [0183] The brevity of the route of the fruits from its fall by demolition until its passage to the loading means, of the order of 20 to 30 seconds, without receiving blows or compressions, They allow maximum performance of the collection operation. In the case of the olive grove, the aforementioned brevity avoids the possible acidity in the oil produced, since the olive collected by means of the described equipment can quickly change to milling.
    [0184]
    [0185] Other advantages derived from the use of the equipment that has been described are the mechanical circulation of the fruits collected since their demolition and clean, and the possibility of using semi-qualified labor personnel, instead of other more qualified and experts in the operation of selective collection . The profitability of the crops is thus considerably increased.
    [0186] The configuration of the equipment, integrated by various autonomous functional devices, operationally coordinated, but different from each other, favors simple and low-cost maintenance.
    [0187]
    [0188] It is not necessary, with the described equipment, a previous preparation (pruning) of the fruit trees for the collection of the fruits and for the phytosanitary treatment of these and of the trees themselves.
    [0189]
    [0190] While the invention has been described with respect to examples of preferred embodiments, these should not be considered as limiting the invention, which will be defined by the broader interpretation of the following claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    1. Versatile and integrated equipment for the collection and treatment of fruits on trees, in order to collect the fruits in seasoning and to treat the fruits on the tree with phytosanitary products, characterized by comprising a mobile structure, designed to house fruit trees (1) inside, said mobile structure comprising a group for taking the downed fruits, said mobile structure being supported on one or two traction vehicles, said vehicle comprising, or each of said vehicles:
    a) at least one projection device and orientation of air currents,
    b) at least one infrared camera,
    c) at least one collecting tape,
    d) at least one cargo container,
    e) at least one conveyor belt that connects the collecting belt with a cargo trailer,
    f) a traction system that drives
    g) traction chains
    [2]
    2. Versatile integrated equipment for the collection and treatment of fruits in trees, according to claim 1, characterized in that said mobile structure comprises covers, said telescopic covers being able to be, and mechanical or pneumatic side screens, said screens comprising if they are mechanical sensors for the detection of trees or shrubs.
    [3]
    3. Versatile integrated equipment for the collection and treatment of fruits in trees, according to claim 1, characterized in that said projection devices and orientation of air currents comprise means for controlling the direction and intensity of the currents according to the fruit's maturity .
    [4]
    4. Versatile integrated equipment for the collection and treatment of fruits in trees, according to claim 1, characterized in that said projection devices and orientation of air currents are arranged on guides that allow the movement of said devices on said guides to a march adjustable and independent of the speed of said traction vehicle.
    [5]
    5. Versatile integrated equipment for the collection and treatment of fruits in trees, according to claim 1, characterized in that said conveyor belt comprises a vertical belt and a horizontal belt in height with a length of the order of the distance between rows of trees.
    [6]
    6. Versatile integrated equipment for the collection and treatment of fruits in trees, according to claim 1, characterized in that said traction vehicles comprise cargo containers connected to said collecting belt by means of a conveyor belt, at least one protective telescopic screen, and wheels with tires capable of supporting the vehicle.
    [7]
    7. Versatile integrated equipment for the collection and treatment of fruits in trees, according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said mechanical screens are connected with sensors for automatic operation.
    [8]
    8. Versatile integrated equipment for the collection and treatment of fruits in trees, according to claim 1, characterized in that said wheels with tires are attached to an articulated support that allows its descent to contact the ground, and even the elevation of the entire vehicle for his transport.
    [9]
    9. Versatile integrated equipment for the collection and treatment of fruits in trees, according to claim 1, characterized in that said traction vehicles comprise a movable chassis with respect to the wheels and chains, and self-guided and control means to remain one next to the another automatically during operation, said tracked tractor chains.
    [10]
    10. Versatile integrated equipment for the collection and treatment of fruits in trees, according to claim 1, characterized in that said covers are foldable and form the upper parts of said mobile structure, said covers being supported by telescopic elements that allow adapting the height of the covers.
    [11]
    11. Versatile integrated equipment for the collection and treatment of fruits in trees, according to claim 1, characterized in that said traction vehicles are carriers of controlled pressure air flow generators for the demolition and the subsequent displacement of the downed fruits and the operation of the different pneumatic devices, of a regulating dosing tank of the phytosanitary product in state dry or wet powder, injecting liquid at the outlet of the air and of a generator set for powering the devices and electric motors and lighting installation for night work of the equipment.
    [12]
    12. Versatile integrated equipment for the collection and treatment of fruits in trees, according to claim 1, characterized in that the collection group comprises:
    a) extendable collection trays, formed by telescopic and overlapping flat elements, inclined at varying angles, operated by cylinders and coupled to traction vehicles by means of articulation mechanisms;
    b) plates associated with a support of the intake group formed by the collecting and attachable trays until adjusted to the feet of the trees, said support being provided with projections of projections of air currents to propel the fallen fruits towards said collecting belts of traction vehicles.
    [13]
    13. Versatile integrated equipment for the collection and treatment of fruits in trees, according to claim 1, characterized in that the elements of the collection group are mobile from a functional position of application of the set, with the desired inclination, to the trees to a position non-functional folding, practically vertical orientation, to allow the movement of the equipment.
    [14]
    14. Versatile integrated equipment for the collection and treatment of fruits in trees, according to claim 1, characterized in that the devices (12) supporting the collection groups are, at the same time, thrust blowers of the demolished fruits towards the devices of collection (13).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20190200524A1|2019-07-04|
    EP3504957B1|2021-11-24|
    US11089730B2|2021-08-17|
    ES2718554B2|2020-03-06|
    EP3504957A1|2019-07-03|
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    法律状态:
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    优先权:
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    ES201731502A|ES2718554B2|2017-12-29|2017-12-29|INTEGRATED DOUBLE UTILITY EQUIPMENT FOR THE COLLECTION AND TREATMENT OF FRUITS IN TREES|ES201731502A| ES2718554B2|2017-12-29|2017-12-29|INTEGRATED DOUBLE UTILITY EQUIPMENT FOR THE COLLECTION AND TREATMENT OF FRUITS IN TREES|
    EP18212275.4A| EP3504957B1|2017-12-29|2018-12-13|Integrated dual-use machine for harvesting and treating fruit on trees|
    US16/230,935| US11089730B2|2017-12-29|2018-12-21|Integrated dual-use machine for harvesting and treating fruit on trees|
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